面向5G演進(jìn)的通信感知一體化技術(shù)研究
電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用
白波，劉舜，董鵬，胡健
中國移動(dòng)通信集團(tuán)設(shè)計(jì)院有限公司黑龍江分公司
摘要： 通感一體化（Integrated Sensing and Communication，ISAC）作為5.5G/6G通信系統(tǒng)的核心技術(shù)，通過深度融合通信與感知功能，突破傳統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)的功能邊界，實(shí)現(xiàn)頻譜、硬件資源的共享與協(xié)同，推動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)向多維感知能力演進(jìn)。系統(tǒng)探討了ISAC的核心原理、技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)及未來方向。技術(shù)層面，ISAC利用無線信號(hào)傳輸與反射特性，通過聯(lián)合波形設(shè)計(jì)、多站協(xié)同感知架構(gòu)及自干擾消除技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境感知與數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)母咝诤希浒l(fā)展面臨通感波形聯(lián)合優(yōu)化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度、多站同步與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化等關(guān)鍵挑戰(zhàn)。典型應(yīng)用場景涵蓋智能交通、工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)及空天海地協(xié)同網(wǎng)絡(luò)，需滿足亞米級(jí)感知精度、毫秒級(jí)時(shí)延及高可靠性等指標(biāo)需求。未來技術(shù)演進(jìn)聚焦四大方向：太赫茲頻段器件與智能超表面優(yōu)化、AI驅(qū)動(dòng)的通信-感知聯(lián)合框架、意圖驅(qū)動(dòng)的云-邊-端動(dòng)態(tài)架構(gòu)以及輕量化安全機(jī)制構(gòu)建。通過攻克通感聯(lián)合信息論、能效模型等基礎(chǔ)理論，并推動(dòng)產(chǎn)學(xué)研協(xié)同驗(yàn)證，ISAC將加速物理世界與數(shù)字空間的深度融合，成為全域智能網(wǎng)絡(luò)的核心使能技術(shù)。
中圖分類號(hào)：TN92 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.256287
中文引用格式： 白波，劉舜，董鵬，等. 面向5G演進(jìn)的通信感知一體化技術(shù)研究[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用，2025，51(9)：56-61.
英文引用格式： Bai Bo，Liu Shun，Dong Peng，et al. Research on integrated sensing and communication technology towards 5G evolution[J]. Application of Electronic Technique，2025，51(9)：56-61.
中文引用格式： 白波，劉舜，董鵬，等. 面向5G演進(jìn)的通信感知一體化技術(shù)研究[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用，2025，51(9)：56-61.
英文引用格式： Bai Bo，Liu Shun，Dong Peng，et al. Research on integrated sensing and communication technology towards 5G evolution[J]. Application of Electronic Technique，2025，51(9)：56-61.
Research on integrated sensing and communication technology towards 5G evolution
Bai Bo，Liu Shun，Dong Peng，Hu Jian
China Mobile Communications Group Design Institute Co.， Ltd.
Abstract： Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC),as a core technology for 5.5G/6G systems,breaks the functional boundaries of traditional systems by deeply integrating communication and sensing capabilities,enabling shared spectrum and hardware resources,and driving communication networks toward multi-dimensional sensing.This paper systematically explores the core principles,technical challenges,and future directions of ISAC.Technically,ISAC leverages the transmission and reflection characteristics of wireless signals to achieve efficient fusion of environmental sensing and data transmission through joint waveform design,multi-station collaborative sensing architectures,and self-interference cancellation.However, its development faces critical challenges such as joint optimization of communication-sensing waveforms,dynamic scheduling of network resources,multi-station synchronization,and standardization.Typical application scenarios include intelligent transportation,industrial Internet,and space-air-sea-ground collaborative networks,requiring sub-meter-level sensing accuracy,millisecond-level latency,and high reliability.Future advancements focus on four key directions: optimization of terahertz-band devices and intelligent metasurfaces,AI-driven joint communication-sensing frameworks,intent-driven cloud-edge-terminal dynamic architectures,and lightweight security mechanisms.By addressing foundational theories like ISAC joint information theory and energy efficiency models,and promoting industry-academia-research collaborative validation,ISAC will accelerate the deep integration of the physical and digital worlds,emerging as a cornerstone enabling technology for global intelligent networks.
Key words : 5.5G；6G；communication；sensing；ISAC
引言
在邁向5.5G、6G移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)的道路上，通感一體化技術(shù)是其中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，正引領(lǐng)著一場深刻的通信與感知革命。通感集成技術(shù)通過對(duì)通信和感知功能的深度融合，使得通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能邊界有效拓展，也為廣泛化應(yīng)用感知業(yè)務(wù)打下了牢固基礎(chǔ)。本文深入探討其核心原理、挑戰(zhàn)以及未來的發(fā)展方向。
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作者信息：
白波，劉舜，董鵬，胡健
（中國移動(dòng)通信集團(tuán)設(shè)計(jì)院有限公司黑龍江分公司，黑龍江 哈爾濱 150000）
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