(1.China Great Wall Research Institute， China Great Wall Technology Group Co.， Ltd， Shenzhen 518057， China；2.College of Computing， Central South University， Changsha 410083， China；3.Science and Technology Development Department， China Electronics Corporation， Shenzhen 518057， China；4.College of Engineering， Southern University of Science and Technology， Shenzhen 518055， China)
Abstract： In the development of computer architecture, the von Neumann architecture is undoubtedly one of the most traditional and mainstream architectures. In order to pursue higher-speed computing efficiency, people continue to make optimizations on the basis of the von Neumann architecture until it reaches its development bottleneck. Starting from the traditional von Neumann architecture, this paper analyzes the inherent limitations of the architecture, and lists the basic improvement measures for these limitations. Then it specifically introduces a variety of technical means for innovation on the von Neumann architecture, such as the computing in memory, and data flow calculation. Finally, the development process of other non-von Neumann architectures that break through the original electronic computer physical material system, such as brain-inspired computer and quantum computer, is briefly described, and the development prospects and directions of modern computer architectures are prospected.
Key words : architecture；von Neumann bottleneck；data flow computers；non-von Neumann architecture
